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After taking quick action, the flight attendants on Asiana Flight 214 managed to save more than 300 lives ? but the doors of the airplane weren't opened until about 90 seconds after the plane came to rest, according to the National Transportation Safety Board. NBC's Tom Costello reports
By M. Alex Johnson, Staff Writer, NBC News
Six of the 12 flight attendants aboard the South Korean flight that crashed on landing last weekend in San Francisco still haven't been interviewed and could help explain why the pilots initially told them not to evacuate the plane, federal investigators said Wednesday.
The doors on Asiana Flight 214 weren't opened until about 90 seconds after the plane had come to a full stop Saturday, Deborah Hersman, chairman of the National Transportation Safety Board, said at a news conference. The standard is to have the plane fully evacuated within 90 seconds, the NTSB said this week.
Hersman said the pilots at first told passengers to remain seated, but they reversed their decision and ordered an evacuation after a flight attendant told them he saw fire and smoke outside the window.
Many other questions remain unanswered. For example, the pilot told investigators that he saw a flash of light at 500 feet as the plane was descending into San Francisco International Airport on Saturday. And it remained unclear why the plane's evacuation chutes prematurely opened inside the cabin on the plane's second impact ? they're supposed to open outward.
Most of the flight attendants who haven't been interviewed were stationed in the rear of the plane, which was most heavily damaged, and could have had a better view of what happened when. They haven't been questioned because they're still being treated for injuries.
Three of them were ejected from the flight in their seats, one of them suffering massive head injuries and another a broken leg. Two more were pinned under evacuation slides, one of whom has been interviewed, Hersman said.
The first officer on a United Air Lines 747 that was waiting to take off on the same runway said in a report to his airline that he saw "two survivors who were stumbling but moving."
"I saw one survivor stand up, walk a few feet, then appear to squat down," the officer said. "The other appeared to be a woman and ?was walking and then fell off to her side and remained on the ground until rescue personnel arrived."
Josh Edelson / AFP - Getty Images
A Boeing 777 operated by Asiana Airlines crash landed at SFO.
Investigators are also looking closely at whether the pilots may have been fatigued, Hersman said.
Both of the main pilots told investigators that they had had plenty of rest, including eight hours of sleep, before the flight took off from Seoul, South Korea, she said. They had an additional five-hour break during the flight, resuming control from a relief crew about 90 minutes before the Boeing 777 clipped the seawall at the airport, shearing off the plane's tail.
"We do, in our investigations, look at pilots' 72-hour history ? their work and rest history ? to try to understand if they were fatigued [and] what conditions they were working under," she said.
Hersman also said flight data indicated that the plane's automated systems recorded "multiple autoplilot and autothrottle modes" as it approached San Francisco ? and it wasn't immediately clear why. Investigators are trying to determine "what those modes were and if the pilots understood what the mode was doing," she said.
"There is automation there to support the pilots, but pilots also have to fly the airplane," Hersman told NBC News' Tom Costello. "They have to monitor, and they have to fly."
Hersman said investigators would be done with the runway itself within 24 hours, which will allow work on repairing it to begin.
Meanwhile, 20 of the crash victims remained in San Francisco-area hospitals, four of them in critical condition, and some could face many months of recovery.
One of those critically injured is a child who is being treated at San Francisco General Hospital, the hospital said.
Questions so far have centered on the jet's air speed and alignment as it approached the runway. At least one of the pilots has told investigators that the crew was struggling to line the jet up properly and hadn't noticed that their air speed had fallen.
The pilot, Lee Kang Guk ? a veteran behind the stick of other jetliners ? was only halfway through the certification training process for the 777. He was being trained by another veteran pilot ? was making his first trip as an instructor, the NTSB said.
The two passengers who were killed were both 16-year old Chinese girls who were on their way to summer camp in the U.S. China's consul general in San Francisco has set up a liaison office in the hotel where most of the Chinese survivors of the crash are staying, the Foreign Ministry said.
Tom Costello and Ami Schmitz of NBC News contributed to this report.
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This story was originally published on Wed Jul 10, 2013 4:31 PM EDT
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SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif. (AP) ? Aviation investigators put more questions to the pilots of Asiana Airlines Flight 214 on Tuesday, trying to learn what was happening in the cockpit of the Boeing 777 as the plane made a dangerously low and slow approach before a crash-landing that killed two passengers.
Audio recordings from the accident indicate the crew did not realize they were in trouble until seconds before hitting the seawall at the end of the runway, a calamitous impact that broke off the tail and sent the fuselage bouncing and skidding across the airfield.
Investigators have a general idea of the events that preceded the crash. But they need to hear the pilots' accounts to understand why the jetliner went down on a clear day with no sign of mechanical trouble.
Here is what is known: Seven seconds before impact, someone in the cockpit asked for more speed after apparently noticing that the jet was flying far slower than its recommended landing speed. A few seconds later, the yoke began to vibrate violently, an automatic warning telling the pilot the plane is losing lift and in imminent danger of an aerodynamic stall. One and a half seconds before impact came a command to abort the landing.
Those are the few details the National Transportation Safety Board has released so far from cockpit voice recordings, air traffic control communications and flight data collected from the smashed jet, which slammed tail-first into the waterfront tarmac Saturday.
The plane's airspeed has emerged as a key question mark in the investigation. All aircraft have minimum safe flying speeds that must be maintained or pilots risk a stall, which robs a plane of the lift it needs to stay airborne. Below those speeds, planes become unmaneuverable.
Because pilots, not the control tower, are responsible for the approach and landing, former NTSB Chairman James Hall said, the cockpit communications will be key to figuring out what went wrong.
"Good communication with the flight crew as well as the flight attendants is something I'm sure they're going to look at closely with this event," he said Tuesday. "Who was making decisions?"
Hall was on the transportation board when a Korean Airlines Boeing 747 crashed in Guam in 1997, an accident investigators blamed in part on an authoritarian cockpit culture that made newer pilots reluctant to challenge captains.
Since then, the industry has adopted broad training and requirements for crew resource management, a communications system or philosophy airline pilots are taught in part so that pilots who not at the controls feel free to voice any safety concerns or correct any unsafe behavior, even if it means challenging a more senior pilot or saying something that might give offense.
If any of the Asiana pilots "saw something out of parameters for a safe landing," they were obligated to speak up, said Cass Howell, an associate dean at the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Daytona Beach, Fla.
"There are dozens and dozens of accidents that were preventable had someone been able to speak up when they should have, but they were reluctant to do so for any number of reasons, including looking stupid or offending the captain," said Howell, a former Marine Corps pilot.
There's been no indication, from verbal calls or mechanical issues, that an emergency was ever declared by pilots, who included a captain who was training on the 777 and landing one in San Francisco for the first time. While four pilots were aboard, it is not clear if all four were in the cockpit when they landed.
Most airlines would require all four pilots to be present for the landing, the time when something is most likely to go wrong, experienced pilots said.
"If there are four pilots there, even if you are sitting on a jump seat, that's something you watch, the airspeed and the descent profile," said John Cox, a former US Airways pilot and former Air Line Pilots Association accident investigator.
Investigators want to nail down exactly what all four pilots were doing at all times.
"We're looking at what they were doing, and we want to understand why they were doing it,." Deborah Hersman, head of the NTSB, said Monday. "We want to understand what they knew and what they understood."
Hersman said she hoped to provide more details from the interviews during a news briefing scheduled for Tuesday afternoon.
It's unlikely there was a lot of chatter as the plane came in. The Federal Aviation Administration's "sterile cockpit" rules require pilots to refrain from any unnecessary conversation while the plane is below 10,000 feet so that their attention is focused on taking off or landing. What little conversation takes places is supposed to be necessary to safely completing the task at hand.
Choi Jeong-ho, a senior official for South Korea's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, told reporters in a briefing Tuesday in South Korea that investigators from both countries questioned two of the four Asiana pilots, Lee Gang-guk and Lee Jeong-min, on Monday. They planned to question the other two pilots and air controllers Tuesday.
Choi said recorded conversation between the pilots and air controllers at the San Francisco airport would be investigated, too.
In addition, authorities were reviewing the initial rescue efforts after fire officials acknowledged that one of their trucks might have run over one of the two Chinese teenagers killed in the crash. The students, Wang Linjia and Ye Mengyuan, were part of a larger group headed for a Christian summer camp with dozens of classmates.
Asiana President Yoon Young-doo arrived in San Francisco from South Korea on Tuesday morning, fighting his way through a pack of journalists outside customs.
He said he will look at the efforts of airline employees to help injured passengers and their family members, visit with the NTSB and other organizations to apologize for the crash and try to meet injured passengers.
Yoon said he can't meet with the Asiana pilots because no outside contact with them is allowed until the investigation is completed.
Yoon said Lee Jeong-min, a 777 pilot, was the pilot on 33 flights to San Francisco, and Lee Gang-guk was a pilot on 29 flights into San Francisco but on other planes.
Lee Jeong-min had been named a training pilot on the flight because he was among the top 25 percent of Asiana pilots, Yoon said. Lee Gang-guk had logged nearly 10,000 hours operating other planes but had only 43 hours in the 777, a plane he still was getting used to flying, said Asiana spokeswoman Lee Hyomin.
More than 180 people aboard the plane went to hospitals with injuries. But remarkably, more than a third didn't even require hospitalization.
The passengers included 141 Chinese, 77 South Koreans, 64 Americans, three Canadians, three Indians, one Japanese, one Vietnamese and one person from France.
South Korea officials said 39 people remained hospitalized in seven different hospitals in San Francisco.
The flight originated in Shanghai, China, and stopped over in Seoul, South Korea, before making the nearly 11-hour trip to San Francisco.
___
Associated Press writers Jason Dearen, Terry Collins, Paul Elias, Lisa Leff and Sudhin Thanawala in San Francisco and Hyung-jin Kim in Seoul also contributed to this report.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/investigators-interview-asiana-airlines-pilots-203021564.html
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ARLINGTON, TN- (WMC-TV) - A tornado safe room on the rise in a Mid-South community will eventually become a safe haven for more than 1,000 people.
The space used to escape potentially deadly storms will be the first in Shelby County for the firm behind it, but it will likely not be the last.
Architects said the safe rooms' walls will be able to withstand and EF-5 tornado with winds up to 250 miles per hour.
"And [it can withstand] the impact of a 2 by 4 traveling about a hundred miles per hour. So, it's definitely stout," said architect Howard Glatstein.
The first such safe room in Shelby County, designed by the firm Fisher & Arnold, is going up next to Arlington Elementary School.
Prep work is underway. Once completed, up to 1,300 people will be able to seek shelter inside.
"The weight of the building is what's used to keep the tornado from lifting the building up off the ground ... It's a large, heavy structure," said Glatstein.
The firm helped secure federal and state grants for the project in Arlington, as well as other West Tennessee cities. Discussions with Memphis and Shelby County are also underway.
"Anything to protect the population is important," said Arlington resident Mary Winter.
She said she would consider walking to the new safe room with enough warning.
When not protecting lives during a storm, safe rooms can serve as community centers or classrooms.
The safe room in Arlington will cost about $1.4 million dollars with 75 percent of the cost coming from FEMA.
Copyright 2013 WMC-TV. All rights reserved.
Source: http://bartlett.wmctv.com/news/news/163682-14-million-tornado-safe-room-underway-arlington
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MUQDADIYA, Iraq (Reuters) - A suicide bomber blew himself up at a mourning ceremony inside a Shi'ite mosque in Iraq late on Monday, killing at least 22 people, police said.
The explosion brought down the ceiling of the mosque in the town of Muqdadiya, 80 km (50 miles) northeast of the capital Baghdad, crushing Shi'ites who were marking the death of a police officer killed in a recent roadside bombing.
Police said the death toll could rise because people remained trapped beneath the rubble.
The violence is part of a sustained campaign of militant attacks since the start of the year that has prompted warnings of wider conflict in a country where ethnic Kurds, Shi'ite and Sunni Muslims have yet to find a stable power-sharing compromise.
A separate suicide bombing in a coffee shop in a Shi'ite district of the city of Baquba, about 50 km northeast of Baghdad, brought Monday's death toll to 27.
No group immediately claimed responsibility for the attacks, but suicide bombings are the trademark of al Qaeda's local affiliate, the Islamic State of Iraq, which security experts say has regained strength in recent months.
Insurgents have been recruiting from Iraq's Sunni minority, which resents Shi'ite domination since the U.S.-led invasion that toppled Saddam Hussein in 2003.
Sectarian tensions have been inflamed by the civil war in neighboring Syria, which is fast spreading into a region-wide proxy war, drawing in Shi'ite and Sunni fighters from Iraq and beyond to fight on opposite sides of the conflict.
Highlighting the risks of spillover, security forces on Monday destroyed an insurgent camp near the Iraqi town of Baaj, around 30 km from the Syrian border, killing 10 gunmen who were not of Iraqi origin, police said.
Three members of the security forces also died in the clashes.
The number of people killed in militant attacks across Iraq reached 761 in June, the United Nations said on Monday, still well below the height of bloodletting in 2006-07 when monthly death tolls sometimes topped 3,000.
Iraqi military forces are now better equipped and trained, but lack the comprehensive intelligence resources and air cover capability to track insurgents that they enjoyed before U.S. troops withdrew in December 2011.
(Reporting by a Reuters reporter in Diyala and Zaid al-Sinjary in Mosul and Raheem Salman in Baghdad; Writing by Isabel Coles; Editing by Andrew Heavens)
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/suicide-bomber-kills-22-iraqi-shiite-mosque-police-202524590.html
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Early July is about more than fireworks, cookouts and long weekends. It's also about hundreds of new state laws.
Around the nation, July 1 marks the start of new fiscal years and the date recently passed legislation goes into effect, although states often mark their independence by enacting new regulations on their own calendars.
The laws and effective dates vary somewhat from state to state, but an overview of legislation set to hit the books Monday shows that state lawmakers took positions on the following five topics of national debate:
? GUNS: State legislatures across the U.S. discussed gun laws in the wake of mass shootings that shocked the nation in 2012. Most efforts to pass restrictions faded amid fierce opposition. Only a handful of states enacted new limits, some of which go into effect Monday. Among them Colorado is notable for requiring background checks for private and online gun sales and outlawing high-capacity ammunition magazines. At least 18 states, however, have gone the other way and loosened gun laws. Kansas laws set to take effect will allow schools to arm employees with concealed handguns and ensure that weapons can be carried into more public buildings.
? TECH: Dozens of states examined technology laws. Recently passed legislation in eight states will prevent businesses from demanding passwords to social media sites as a condition of employment. The law in Washington state also stops employers from compelling workers to add managers as "friends" so their profile can be viewed. Four states updated tech laws to allow drivers to show proof of car insurance on an electronic device, such as a smartphone.
? CARS: A handful of states have restricted cellphone use while driving. Starting Monday in Hawaii and West Virginia motorists will have to put down handheld devices. Meanwhile, in South Dakota beginning drivers will face similar restrictions. Utah also enacted limits for newbies with a law that has already taken effect. A few states have banned texting while driving. Other state laws affecting drivers will make it illegal to smoke in a car with a child, raise highway speed limits, crackdown on drunken drivers and raise gas taxes.
? ABORTION: Nationally, state lawmakers proposed more than 300 bills that would have restricted abortions, according to the American Civil Liberties Union. At least 13 state legislatures passed new limits, though two are waiting for governors to sign off. Notably, a bill that would have closed almost every abortion clinic in Texas was dramatically defeated by a Democratic filibuster and a restless crowd in late June. The Texas governor, however, has ordered another special legislative session to push the bill through. North Dakota has passed the nation's strictest abortion law, which takes effect in August, banning abortions after six weeks of pregnancy.
?DRONES: An Idaho law taking effect Monday forbids anyone from using an unmanned aircraft for spying on another. Virginia has passed a ban preventing authorities from using drones for the next two years, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. Four other states approved anti-drone regulations, though legislation aimed at law enforcement in Texas isn't effective until fall.
___
Not all of the measures set to take effect were matters dominating national political discussion. The following five examples of recently approved legislation show state-level updates can cover a variety of topics:
? SEXIST LANGUAGE: Washington lawmakers are completing work to strip the state's books of sexist language. References to "his" will be changed to "his or her," college "freshmen" will become "first-year students" and "penmanship" will be called "handwriting."
? JACKPOT: Wyoming residents might soon consider 7, 1 and 13 as lucky numbers. A Cowboy State law kicking in Monday calls for the state to establish a lottery for the first time, leaving a dwindling list of only a handful of states without such a prize drawing.
? ELECTION DAY DRINKING: Kentucky has lifted a ban on election day drinking. It was one of the last states with Prohibition-era restrictions on the sale of alcohol while polls are open.
? EDIBLE LANDSCAPING: Maine lawmakers this session have directed officials to plant edible landscaping, such as fruit trees or berry shrubs, around the Statehouse.
? TANNING: Dozens of states this year considered keeping minors out of tanning beds. New Jersey and Nevada restrictions kick in July 1, and an Oregon limit takes effect in January. The home of MTV's reality series "Jersey Shore" and its famously bronzed cast, however, took the law beyond sun lamps to block anyone younger than 14 from getting even a spray tan.
___
Associated Press writers Lauren Gambino in Salem, Ore., and Greg Moore in Phoenix contributed to this report.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/news-laws-kick-around-nation-july-1-182155218.html
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FILE - This Oct. 1, 2008 photo shows former FBI supervisor John Morris as he testified during the John Connolly murder trial in Miami. Morris, a former FBI agent who admitted taking payoffs from James "Whitey" Bulger offered a tearful apology to the family of one of Bulger's alleged murder victims during testimony in Bulger's murder and racketeering trial at federal court in Boston, Monday, July 1, 2013. (AP Photo/Alan Diaz, File)
FILE - This Oct. 1, 2008 photo shows former FBI supervisor John Morris as he testified during the John Connolly murder trial in Miami. Morris, a former FBI agent who admitted taking payoffs from James "Whitey" Bulger offered a tearful apology to the family of one of Bulger's alleged murder victims during testimony in Bulger's murder and racketeering trial at federal court in Boston, Monday, July 1, 2013. (AP Photo/Alan Diaz, File)
BOSTON (AP) ? A former FBI agent who admitted taking payoffs from James "Whitey" Bulger offered a tearful apology Monday to the family of one of Bulger's alleged murder victims, but the man's widow said his words "didn't mean anything."
The apology came as John Morris was being cross-examined by a defense lawyer at Bulger's racketeering trial. Bulger, 83, is charged with participating in 19 murders in the 1970s and '80s while he allegedly led the notorious Winter Hill Gang.
Morris testified that he told fellow FBI agent John Connolly that Edward "Brian" Halloran had given authorities information about a murder Bulger's gang was suspected of committing. At the time, both Morris and Connolly ? his subordinate ? had corrupt relationships with Bulger, who he said was a longtime FBI informant at the same time he was committing a litany of crimes.
Prosecutors say Halloran and Michael Donahue ? an innocent bystander who had offered Halloran a ride home ? were killed in 1982 after Connolly leaked the information to Bulger. Bulger is accused of opening fire on the car as the two men left a Boston restaurant.
Morris' voice cracked and he appeared to choke back tears as he looked at Donahue's widow, Patricia, and his three grown sons seated in the courtroom. Morris apologized for "things that I may have done and things that I didn't do."
"Not a day in my life has gone by that I haven't thought about this. Not a day in my life has gone by that I haven't prayed that God gives you blessing and comfort for the pain that you suffered," Morris said.
Patricia Donahue said she believes Morris was sincere, but said his apology came "way, way too late."
"Those words didn't mean anything to me," she said. "While he's getting his (FBI) promotions, I'm mourning my husband."
Morris testified earlier that he played "no direct role" in the two killings. He said he believed Halloran was in protective custody and was about to enter the federal witness protection program when he talked to Connolly about him.
"It was spontaneous," he said. "I didn't plan it. It just happened. I wish it hadn't."
Bulger attorney Hank Brennan asked Morris if he knew he was "signing Mr. Halloran's death warrant" by telling Connolly he was cooperating against Bulger.
"I thought he was safe," Morris said.
Morris admitted taking $7,000 in payoffs, two cases of wine and other gifts from Bulger and his gang. He was given immunity from prosecution for his testimony during hearings in the 1990s and later for his testimony against Connolly in two separate trials in Massachusetts and Florida.
Connolly was convicted of racketeering and second-degree murder for leaking information to Bulger and his gang. It was a tip from Connolly that prompted Bulger to flee Boston in 1994. He was one of the nation's most wanted fugitives until he was finally captured in Santa Monica, Calif., in 2011.
Bulger has pleaded not guilty and denies being an informant for the FBI.
In other testimony Monday, prosecutors called a former drug dealer who said he went into business with Bulger in 1980.
Joseph Tower, who received immunity from prosecution, said he was a musician and a cocaine and marijuana dealer when he first met Bulger. He said he was approached by a Bulger associate who offered to protect him and his customers from harassment by others trying to cut into his business.
At the time, Tower said, the business was selling about a kilo of cocaine every week.
Tower called Bulger the "protection" in the organization and said Bulger regularly collected his share of the profits.
Bulger laughed audibly several times as Tower testified energetically about how Bulger's name instilled fear in people.
Tower said that after he was arrested and served time in prison, he was told by a Bulger associate that he was being forced out of the business.
Tower said he did not try to sell drugs on his own after that.
"They don't fool around," he said. "You'd get approached once if you were lucky, but you'd get hurt."
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